The global market for medical nutrition is growing at a steady rate worldwide. The Global Baby Food & Paediatric Nutrition Market in 2011 is estimated be worth USD 38,180.9 million growing with a CAGR of 7.97% during 2007 – 2011 from USD 28,100.0 million in 2007. The Market is estimated to be worth USD 41,521.7 million in 2012 and is forecasted to reach USD 63,681.0 million in 2017. Asia Pacific is expected to account for the largest share of revenue – i.e. 40.20% - of the Global Baby Food & Paediatric Nutrition Market revenue at USD 16,692.5 million in 2012. The segment is further expected to reach USD 30,149.1 million in 2017 with a CAGR of 12.55% during 2012 – 2017. The region is also expected to account for largest share of volume – i.e. 37.82% - of the Global Baby Food & Paediatric Nutrition Market Volume at 1,223.9 thousand tonnes in 2012. The segment is expected to reach 1,846.3 thousand tonnes in 2017 with a CAGR of 8.57% during 2012 – 2017. The segment is also expected to have the highest growth rate during the same period. The global sports nutrition market was valued at $20.7 billion in 2012 and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 9.0% from 2013 to 2019. The market will reach an estimated value of $37.7 billion in 2019. Nutrition is the science that deals with the interaction of the nutrients with other substances in food (polyphenols, carotenoids, phytochemical, antioxidants etc.) in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of the organism. The types of nutrients that are essential for healthy wellbeing of individuals are Carbohydrates, Protein, Vitamins and Minerals. People often confuse between natural and synthetic vitamins. One of the major differences between natural and synthetic vitamins is that natural vitamins are natural and contains cofactors whereas synthetic vitamins are manufactured in the Laboratory and does not contain cofactors. In order to stay healthy it is necessary to follow Dietary guidelines and have foods rich in balanced diet. The branches of science that are useful in maintaining and improving good health are Dietetics and Food Biotechnology. One of the major divisions in nutrition department is the paediatric nutrition that deals with nutritional requirements in infants and children, ways of prevention and treatment of low birth weight cases, treatment strategies for preventing malnutrition in children, high risk nutritional disorders, child nutrition and pregnancy nutrition. A poor diet that lacks essential nutrients generally causes nutritional deficiencies. The different types of nutritional deficiencies and disorders are vitamins and mineral deficiency disorders, obesity, diabetes and related disorders, food allergy and intolerance, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, malnutrition and associated disorders, mental disorders and lifestyle related disorders. Nutritional Therapy is the application of nutrition science in the promotion of health, peak performance and individual care. It focusses on the therapeutic approach for dealing with nutritional related disorders and malnutrition. Industrial food safety and management is a management system that deals with guidelines for food and safety, food quality control and safety measures, risk assessment and management for cases related to food safety, food toxicology, spoilage prevention and control and novel methods of evaluation of food adulteration. Food processing is process of production of food products using raw materials as ingredients. It deals with food preservation technologies, food chemistry, parameters of food processing, modern food processing trends, food processing industries and practices, food bioactive, novel food processing methods, food packaging, food additives and ingredients and high pressure processing. Public Health Nutrition is a branch of nutritional science that focusses on promotion of good health through nutrition and the primary prevention of nutrition related illness in the population. It deals with healthy lifestyle promotion, energy balance and weight management, nutritional education and counselling programs, effects of social and behavioural factors on nutrition, health policies and implementation, epidemiological studies on nutrition, nutritional quality on consumer health and clinical nutrition. Current research in nutrition and food sciences focusses on latest researches and related studies in the field of nutrition and food sciences. It deals with nutritional epidemiology and management, nutrition and food insecurity, probiotic nutrition and its safety, novel techniques in food processing, risks and safety regarding consumption of genetically modified foods, nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics and importance of nutritional sciences in the treatment of cancer patients. Nutrition through life course focusses on promoting nutrition, health care, and education in different sections of the society. It deals with nutrition for pregnant and lactating women, nutrition in adolescence and teens, nutritional deficiencies in women, nutrition for the aged and elderly, demographical studies on nutrition, food guide pyramid, sports nutrition, intake of dietary supplements and meal planning. Recent advances in nutrition and food sciences focusses on the latest advancements in the field of nutritional and food sciences. It has major role in improving the quality of life and in the treatment of cancer patients Plant and animal nutrition are the two major branches of nutritional science. It focusses on foods derived from plant and animal sources. Plant nutrition deals with nutritional benefits on consumption of mushroom, coconuts, fruits, rice, grapes, nuts, almonds, banana and strawberry. Animal nutrition deals with nutritional benefits on consumption of dairy products, milk, yoghurt, cheese, egg and meat.